The Tech Storror

Data Transmission System Asynchronous Transmission: A data transmission system in which characters are transmitted from sender to receiver is called asynchronous transmission. In this method the sender does not require any primary storage medium for data transmission. Main features of asynchronous data transmission: (i) The sender does not require any primary storage device for data transmission. (ii) In this method of data transmission the sender can transmit the data at any time and the receiver can also transmit it. (iii) In this method of data transmission, the time between the transmission of one character and the transmission of another character may vary rather than be equal. (iv) Each character has a start bit at the beginning and end transmission is also called start/stop transmission. Advantages, Disadvantages and Uses of Asynchronous Data Transmission Advantages of asynchronous data transmission: (i) At any time the sender can send data and the receiver can receive it. (ii) ...

Fundamentals of Digital Electronics Characteristics of Analog Signals and Digital Signals: Analog Signal: Continuous electrical signal is called an analogue signal. The change in analogue signal value over time is infinite. A simple signal-generating device converts physical quantities such as pressure, dip, light intensity, noise, etc. into equivalent analogue electrical signals through transducers. The value of this signal is always changing. That is, an electrical signal whose value continuously increases or decreases with time is called an analogue signal. The figure below shows the shape of an analogue signal: Digital Signal: The voltage level of the digital signal is isolated. The voltage level of a digital signal is expressed by two or more states. All these levels are expressed as low (Low) and high (High) or digital 0 volts. A discrete electrical signal is called a digital signal. The change in value of a digital signal with time is finite and the change in value is expressed ...

Describe the different types of computer memory Memory is the place to hold memories or information. Information can be stored here. Memory is mainly of two types, (a) Main memory/Primary memory (b) Auxiliary memory/Secondary memory Main memory is again of two types, namely-- (i) RAM or Random Access Memory (ii) ROM or Read-only memory (ROM or Read-only memory). 1. Main memory/ Primary memory: The memory with which ALU has a direct connection is called the main memory. The main memory also needs to be very fast as it is directly connected to the ALU and capable of very fast calculations. All the information and instructions that are always needed are kept in the main memory. In addition, the necessary data and instructions for the calculations performed by the ALU are fetched from the auxiliary memory and temporarily stored in the main memory. After the calculation is finished they are moved back to the auxiliary memory. Main memory is of three types namely--  (a) Internal, (b) Ex...

 On July 14 2021, JEDEC announced the new generation of desktop RAM, DDR5. In addition to the DDR5 Memory Performance Improvement, it also comes with a number of new features that are a huge improvement over previous generations. DDR5 memory is coming to the consumer level in the near future, which you or I can use on our new desktop. The reason for saying new desktop is that DDR5 memory does not have backward compatibility. That is, you can't use DDR5 memory on your old system where you used DDR4 RAM. However, it is good to know what is new and what are the improvements in the memory of the new generation. Let us know about DDR5 memory. However, before learning about DDR5 memory, you should know about its previous generations. You can read the following post once to know about DDR 2, 3 and 4. DDR2 vs DDR3 vs DDR4 RAM: Which one is suitable? Speed First of all, let us know the most highlighted feature of DDR5. Of course, this is the data transfer speed. DDR5 memory data transfer sp...

Gateway: Gateway is a medium, which acts as a bridge or bridge between two networks so that many computers can exchange data together. That is, the device used to connect different types of networks is the gateway. It translates the protocol. It works on layer 7 of the OSI model. Switch: Network switch and network hub are the main pillars of computer networking. In networking, a switch is a device that performs filtering and packet forwarding when exchanging data packets between different parts of a local area network. The switch and SI layer operate at the data link layer. But sometimes it also works at network layer. A local area network (LAN) that uses switches to communicate between its different parts is called a switched LAN. Switches are the network layer that additionally processes data (Layer 3) and are often referred to above as Layer 3 switches. The first Ethernet switch was introduced in 1990. Functions of switches: Network switches are switches connected to most modern E...

Communication model : In the early days of computer networking, various manufacturers made communication software in their own way. Due to the different protocols of these hardware-based software, the software made by one company could not exchange data with the software made by another company. This would be a big problem. Later, a committee was formed from ISO (International Standard Organization) to eliminate this problem. This committee created a protocol model called OSI (Open System Interconnection) to create standard standards for harmonizing all communication software. This model is known as communication model. OSI (Open System Interconnection) Model: The OSI model describes how communication between computers and other networking devices will be developed. The International Organization for Standards (ISO) started working on this model in 1974. The need for the OSI model is felt so that different networking device manufacturers can produce their devices following the same sta...